Exposed frame supported glass curtain walls are widely used in modern architecture due to their structural clarity, ease of installation, and adaptability to various building designs. Unlike concealed frame systems, exposed frames provide visible structural support while maintaining transparency and aesthetic appeal. This article examines the engineering applications of exposed frame glass curtain walls, focusing on their structural characteristics, material selection, and practical implementation in construction projects.

Structural Characteristics

1.Load-Bearing Framework

The exposed frame acts as the primary load-bearing structure, transferring wind, seismic, and dead loads to the building’s main support system. Aluminum or steel mullions and transoms are commonly used for their strength and durability.

2.Modular Design Flexibility

Standardized framing components allow for prefabrication and quick assembly, making them suitable for both low-rise and high-rise buildings. The modular approach reduces on-site labor and ensures consistent quality.

3.Thermal and Structural Movement Accommodation

Expansion joints and thermal breaks are integrated into the frame to compensate for temperature-induced expansion and contraction, preventing stress buildup and glass cracking.

Material Selection and Performance

1.Aluminum and Steel Framing

Aluminum alloys are preferred for their lightweight properties and corrosion resistance, while steel frames offer higher load-bearing capacity for larger spans. Surface treatments such as anodizing or powder coating enhance durability.

2.Tempered and Laminated Glass

Tempered glass improves impact resistance, while laminated glass provides additional safety by retaining fragments upon breakage. Double or triple glazing can be incorporated for enhanced thermal and acoustic performance.

3.Weatherproofing and Sealants

High-performance silicone sealants and gaskets ensure water and air tightness, maintaining long-term weather resistance and reducing maintenance requirements.

Engineering Applications

1.Commercial and Office Buildings

Exposed frame curtain walls are frequently used in corporate and retail structures, offering transparency for natural light while maintaining structural stability. Their modular nature allows for rapid installation in large-scale projects.

2.Institutional and Public Facilities

Schools, hospitals, and transportation hubs benefit from the durability and ease of maintenance of exposed frame systems. The visible framework also provides a clean, modern appearance.

3.Renovation and Retrofitting Projects

Due to their adaptability, exposed frame systems are often used in facade upgrades, where existing structures require improved aesthetics and performance without major structural modifications.

Installation and Quality Control

1.Precision Alignment and Anchoring

Proper alignment of mullions and transoms ensures uniform load distribution. Laser-guided installation techniques improve accuracy, reducing potential defects.

2.Rigorous Testing Protocols

Performance tests, including air infiltration, water penetration, and structural load tests, verify the system’s reliability before final approval.

3.Maintenance and Inspection

Regular inspections of sealants, gaskets, and fasteners help maintain long-term performance. Accessible framing simplifies repairs and component replacements.

Conclusion

Exposed frame supported glass curtain walls remain a practical and versatile solution in architectural engineering. Their structural reliability, material advancements, and ease of installation make them suitable for a wide range of building applications. Continued improvements in materials and construction techniques will further enhance their performance in future projects.